Multi-redox indenofluorene chromophores incorporating dithiafulvene donor and ene/enediyne acceptor units
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Multi-redox indenofluorene chromophores incorporating dithiafulvene donor and ene/enediyne acceptor units. / Schøttler, Christina; Lund-Rasmussen, Kasper; Broløs, Line; Vinterberg, Philip; Bazikova, Ema; Pedersen, Viktor B.R.; Nielsen, Mogens Brøndsted.
I: Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry, Bind 20, 2024, s. 59-73.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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T1 - Multi-redox indenofluorene chromophores incorporating dithiafulvene donor and ene/enediyne acceptor units
AU - Schøttler, Christina
AU - Lund-Rasmussen, Kasper
AU - Broløs, Line
AU - Vinterberg, Philip
AU - Bazikova, Ema
AU - Pedersen, Viktor B.R.
AU - Nielsen, Mogens Brøndsted
N1 - Funding Information: The Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF20OC0061574) and Sino-Danish College (SDC) are acknowledged for financial support. Publisher Copyright: © 2024 Schøttler et al.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Large donor–acceptor scaffolds derived from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with tunable HOMO and LUMO energies are important for several applications, such as organic photovoltaics. Here, we present a large selection of PAHs based on central indenofluorene (IF) or fluorene cores and containing various dithiafulvene (DTF) donor units that gain aromaticity upon oxidation and a variety of acceptor units, such as vinylic diesters, enediynes, and cross-conjugated radiaannulenes (RAs) that gain aromaticity upon reduction. In some cases, the DTF units are expanded by pyrrolo annelation. The optical and redox properties of these compounds, in some cases carbon-rich, were studied by UV–vis absorption spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Synthetically, the work explores IF diones or fluorenone as central building blocks by subjecting the carbonyl groups to a variety of reactions; that are, phosphite- or Lawesson’s reagent-mediated olefination reactions (to introduce DTF motifs), Ramirez/Corey–Fuchs dibromo-olefinations followed by Sonogashira couplings (to introduce enediynes motifs), and Knoevenagel condensations (to introduce the vinylic diester motif). By a subsequent Glaser–Hay coupling reaction, a RA acceptor unit was introduced to provide a DTF-IF-RA donor–acceptor scaffold with a low-energy charge-transfer absorption and multi-redox behavior.
AB - Large donor–acceptor scaffolds derived from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with tunable HOMO and LUMO energies are important for several applications, such as organic photovoltaics. Here, we present a large selection of PAHs based on central indenofluorene (IF) or fluorene cores and containing various dithiafulvene (DTF) donor units that gain aromaticity upon oxidation and a variety of acceptor units, such as vinylic diesters, enediynes, and cross-conjugated radiaannulenes (RAs) that gain aromaticity upon reduction. In some cases, the DTF units are expanded by pyrrolo annelation. The optical and redox properties of these compounds, in some cases carbon-rich, were studied by UV–vis absorption spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Synthetically, the work explores IF diones or fluorenone as central building blocks by subjecting the carbonyl groups to a variety of reactions; that are, phosphite- or Lawesson’s reagent-mediated olefination reactions (to introduce DTF motifs), Ramirez/Corey–Fuchs dibromo-olefinations followed by Sonogashira couplings (to introduce enediynes motifs), and Knoevenagel condensations (to introduce the vinylic diester motif). By a subsequent Glaser–Hay coupling reaction, a RA acceptor unit was introduced to provide a DTF-IF-RA donor–acceptor scaffold with a low-energy charge-transfer absorption and multi-redox behavior.
KW - alkynes
KW - chromophores
KW - fused-ring systems
KW - heterocycles
KW - redox chemistry
U2 - 10.3762/bjoc.20.8
DO - 10.3762/bjoc.20.8
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 38264453
AN - SCOPUS:85186107605
VL - 20
SP - 59
EP - 73
JO - Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry
JF - Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry
SN - 2195-951X
ER -
ID: 385218738